A HANDY GUIDE TO
BASIC MATHEMATICS
By - HIMOTOSH DAS
A note to convey my apologies and gratitude
Despite my continuous efforts to make this book free of errors, there is still a possibility of mistakes. I look forward to overcoming all such shortfalls, if any. I request my reader's to inform me about such shortfalls, so that I can make the next edition of this book better and error-free.
My Address
Himotosh das
Kurkuri pt-III, Kalain, Cachar
Mobile no. 8135027243
E-mail: himotosh35@gmail.com
Number System
1. What is a number ?
Ans: A number is a mathematical object used to count, measure, and label.
2. What are Natural numbers ?
Ans: Counting numbers such as 1, 2, 3,....., etc. are called natural numbers. The smallest natural number is 1. The set of natural numbers is denoted by the symbol N.
3. What are Whole numbers ?
Ans: The natural numbers together with '0' are called whole numbers. The smallest whole number is 0.Every natural number is a whole number. The set of whole numbers is denoted by the symbol W.
4. What are Integers ?
Ans: The Whole numbers together with negative values of natural numbers are known as integers. The set of integers is denoted by the symbol Z or I. e.g. .... -2, -1, 0, 1, 2......, etc.
5. What are Positive integers ?
Ans: Whole numbers with positive values are called positive integers. e.g. ... 1, 2, 3, ...., etc.
6. What are Negative integers ?
Ans: Whole numbers with negative values are called negative integers. e.g. .... -1, -2, -3,....., etc.
* Even numbers: Integers divisible by 2 are called even numbers. e.g. 2, 4, 6, 8,....., etc.
* Odd numbers: Integers not divisible by 2 are called odd numbers. e.g. 3, 5, 7, 9,.... etc.
7. What is Rational number ?
Ans: A rational number is a number that is expressed as the ratio of two integers, where the denominator value should not be equal to zero. e.g. 2/3, 4/2... etc.
BASIC GEOMETRY
1. What is a line ?
Ans: A line is a straight one-dimensional figure having no thickness and extending infinitely in both directions.
2. What is an angle ?
Ans: an angle can be defined as the figure formed by two rays meeting at a common end point.
Types of angel
* Acute angle: An acute angle is an angle measuring between 0 and 90 degrees.
* Obtuse angel: An obtuse angle is an angle measuring between 90 and 180 degrees.
* Right angle: A right angle is an angle measuring 90 degrees.
*Straight angle: A straight angle is a straight line and it measures 180 degrees.
* Reflex angel: A reflex angle is an angle measuring between 180 and 360 degrees.
* Full angel: A full angle is an angle of one complete turn which is 360 degrees.
3. What is a triangle ?
Ans: A triangle is a three sided figure with three corners.
Types of Triangle
*
4. What is a square ?
Ans : Square is a flat figure with four side and four corners, all sides of a square are equal.
5. What is a rectangle
Ans : Rectangle is a four sided figure with four corners, it's opposite sides are equal.
6. What is a circle ?
Ans Circle is a flat round figure with no side and no corner.
ALGEBRA
1. What is a variable ?
Ans: A quantity which can take different numerical value is called a variable or a literal. It is represented by the letters of alphabet a, b, c,.., x, y,.. etc.
2. What is constant ?
Ans: The number having a fixed value is called constant.
3. What is an an algebraic expression ?
Ans: A combination of constants and variables connected by any fundamental operation ( e.g., +, -, × or ÷) is called an algebraic expression.
4. What are polynomials ?
Ans: Polynomials are algebraic expressions, in which the variables involved have non negative integral powers and which do not contain a variable in the denominator of any term.
5. What are terms ?
Ans: The parts of an algebraic expression or a polynomial separated by signs + and - are called its terms.
Thanks
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